Planting Cauliflower

Cauliflower is sensitive to temperature, and is best grown from seedlings started undercover. Plant seeds 0.5cm (1/4") deep, spacing each plant 50cm (19") apart, with 60cm (24") between rows. Cauliflower requires nutrient-rich, well-draining soil, and grows best in full sun.

Growing Cauliflower

Cauliflower seedlings are ready to be transplanted once they have 4-5 true leaves. Harden off seedlings by putting them in a safe place outside for two hours, increasing by one hour every day for a week. Once acclimated to the outside conditions, plant each cauliflower seedling 50cm (19") apart and water in well. 3-4 weeks after transplanting (or the same amount of time after seedlings have 4-5 true leaves if direct sown), fertilise with a high-nitrogen fertiliser to encourage growth.

Plants require a lot of moisture, and benefit from a good soaking once a week to keep the soil moist but not soggy. Row covers can help to protect from wind damage, as well as pests such as cabbageworms, slugs, snails, and birds.

White cauliflower varieties should be "blanched" to protect from discolouration. Once the head is forming, tie the outer leaves together to keep the head shaded from sunlight. Coloured and Romanesco varieties require exposure to sunlight to fully develop their colour, and should not be blanched.

Harvesting Cauliflower

The cauliflower head is ready for harvest once it reaches at least 15cm (6") in diameter, but before the florets begin to separate. If the head is smaller but has already begun to separate, it should be harvested immediately. Harvest the head by cutting it off with a sharp knife, leaving some leaves around it to keep it protected.