Planting Parsnips

Parsnip is a cool weather crop, and its flavour will improve after experiencing frost. Before planting, loosen the soil to a depth of at least 30cm (12") to assist root growth, and optionally mix in compost or manure. Plant seeds 1cm (1/2") deep, 2cm (1") apart with 45cm (18") between rows. Parsnips prefer loose, well-draining soil rich in organic matter, and perform best in full sun but will also thrive in partial shade. Parsnip seeds can take up to 3 weeks to germinate, or even longer in colder temperatures.

Growing Parsnips

Once the parsnip seedlings are 5cm (2") tall, thin them to allow at least 10cm (4") between plants. Parsnip root systems are delicate; if thinning multiple seedlings from the same spot, simply snip off the leaves of the undesired plants to avoid uprooting them. Water frequently to encourage deep root growth, especially during the first month, ensuring to keep the soil moist but not wet. Optionally, mulching can help with water retention. Once roots start to form, keep the shoulders covered with soil to prevent green discolouration.

Parsnips do not require fertilising, especially if compost or manure was worked into the soil before planting. If you do choose to fertilise, avoid any nitrogen-rich fertilisers, as they will cause the parsnip to focus on leaf growth instead of root development.

Harvesting Parsnips

Parsnip can be harvested once the root reaches approximately 2cm (1") in diameter, depending on the variety. For best flavour, allow the parsnip to experience 2-4 weeks of frost conditions if possible. Firmly grab at the base of the leaves and gently pull from the ground when desired. Trim the leaves so that only 5cm (2") remains, and store in a cool, dry place. Alternatively, parsnip can remain in the garden during the cold season until needed, covered in a thick layer of mulch. Be sure to harvest before any flower stalks develop, as this will negatively affect the flavour.